Ser178

Site Information
PPLPGALsPLyGVPE SwissProt Entrez-Gene
Blast this site against: NCBI SwissProt PDB
Site Group ID: 448603

In vivo Characterization
Methods used to characterize site in vivo:	[32P] bio-synthetic labeling ( 5 ) , mass spectrometry ( 2 , 3 ) , mutation of modification site ( 5 ) , phospho-antibody ( 1 , 4 ) , phosphopeptide mapping ( 5 ) , western blotting ( 1 , 4 )
Disease tissue studied:	bladder cancer ( 5 ) , breast cancer ( 3 , 5 ) , luminal A breast cancer ( 2 ) , breast cancer, triple negative ( 2 )
Relevant cell line - cell type - tissue:	293 (epithelial) ( 5 ) , breast ( 2 ) , CHO-K1 (fibroblast) ( 5 ) , HCEC (epithelial) ( 4 ) , HMLER ('stem, breast cancer') [CXCR4 (human), knockdown] ( 3 ) , HMLER ('stem, breast cancer') ( 3 ) , MCF10A1 (epithelial) ( 1 ) , MDA-MB-231 (breast cell) ( 5 ) , NBT-II (bladder cell) ( 5 )

Downstream Regulation
Effects of modification on biological processes:	cell adhesion, altered ( 5 ) , cell motility, altered ( 5 ) , cytoskeletal reorganization ( 5 )

References
1	Kim DY, Helfman DM (2016) Loss of MLCK leads to disruption of cell-cell adhesion and invasive behavior of breast epithelial cells via increased expression of EGFR and ERK/JNK signaling. Oncogene 35, 4495-508 26876209 Curated Info
2	Mertins P, et al. (2016) Proteogenomics connects somatic mutations to signalling in breast cancer. Nature 534, 55-62 27251275 Curated Info
3	Yi T, et al. (2014) Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis reveals system-wide signaling pathways downstream of SDF-1/CXCR4 in breast cancer stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111, E2182-90 24782546 Curated Info
4	Tong L, et al. (2013) Molecular mechanism of transglutaminase-2 in corneal epithelial migration and adhesion. Biochim Biophys Acta 1833, 1304-15 23466867 Curated Info
5	Huang C, et al. (2003) JNK phosphorylates paxillin and regulates cell migration. Nature 424, 219-23 12853963 Curated Info