Tyr31

Site Information
FLSEEtPysyPtGNH SwissProt Entrez-Gene
Blast this site against: NCBI SwissProt PDB
Site Group ID: 448785

In vivo Characterization
Methods used to characterize site in vivo:	immunoassay ( 1 , 2 ) , immunoprecipitation ( 8 , 10 , 11 ) , mass spectrometry ( 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ) , microscopy-colocalization with upstream kinase ( 10 ) , mutation of modification site ( 2 , 4 , 8 ) , phospho-antibody ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 45 ) , western blotting ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 45 )
Disease tissue studied:	breast cancer ( 2 , 3 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 45 ) , breast cancer, triple negative ( 8 ) , gastric cancer ( 33 , 36 , 37 ) , gastric carcinoma ( 36 , 37 ) , lung cancer ( 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ) , non-small cell lung cancer ( 14 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ) , non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma ( 16 , 18 , 19 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 38 , 39 ) , non-small cell squamous cell lung carcinoma ( 15 , 38 , 39 ) , neuroblastoma ( 12 ) , pancreatic cancer ( 21 , 42 , 43 , 44 ) , pancreatic carcinoma ( 21 )
Relevant cell line - cell type - tissue:	A549 (pulmonary) ( 14 , 23 ) , breast ( 3 ) , BT-20 (breast cell) ( 8 ) , BxPC-3 (pancreatic) ( 42 , 43 , 44 ) , HCC827 (pulmonary) ( 24 ) , HeLa (cervical) ( 1 , 3 ) , HLMVECs ( 4 ) , HMVEC (endothelial) ( 10 ) , Jurkat (T lymphocyte) ( 34 , 35 ) , MCF-7 (breast cell) ( 2 ) , MDA-MB-231 (breast cell) ( 2 , 9 , 11 , 45 ) , MEF (fibroblast) ( 1 ) , MKN-45 (gastric) ( 32 , 33 , 36 , 37 ) , N1 ( 7 ) , NCI-H1563 (pulmonary) ( 16 ) , NCI-H1650 (pulmonary) ( 26 ) , NCI-H1703 (squamous) ( 15 , 28 , 29 , 38 , 39 ) , NCI-H1975 (pulmonary) ( 25 ) , NCI-H23 (pulmonary) ( 19 ) , NCI-H3255 (pulmonary) ( 27 , 30 , 31 , 40 , 41 ) , NCI-H358 (pulmonary) ( 20 ) , NCI-H441 (pulmonary) ( 18 , 22 ) , PANC-1 (pancreatic) ( 21 ) , SMS-KCN-A (neural crest) ( 12 ) , SUM159 (breast cell) ( 11 )

Upstream Regulation
Regulatory protein:	Fyn (human) ( 45 ) , MIEN1 (human) ( 9 ) , PXN (human) ( 1 ) , SHP-2 (human) ( 11 ) , ULK1 (human) ( 3 )
Putative in vivo kinases:	Abl (human) ( 10 ) , Fyn (human) ( 2 )
Kinases, in vitro:	Fyn (human) ( 2 )
Treatments:	EPA ( 2 ) , hesperetin ( 45 ) , HGF ( 10 ) , light ( 1 ) , PP1 ( 2 ) , PP2 ( 2 ) , PP3 ( 2 ) , serum ( 7 ) , siRNA ( 2 , 45 ) , sphingosine_1-phosphate ( 10 ) , stiff ECM substrate ( 3 ) , TGF-beta ( 2 , 45 )

Downstream Regulation
Effects of modification on PXN:	intracellular localization ( 10 ) , molecular association, regulation ( 4 ) , phosphorylation ( 4 )
Effects of modification on biological processes:	carcinogenesis, induced ( 2 , 45 ) , cell growth, induced ( 45 ) , cell motility, induced ( 2 , 45 ) , cytoskeletal reorganization ( 2 , 10 , 45 )
Induce interaction with:	DRP1 (human) ( 4 ) , ERK1 (human) ( 4 ) , ERK2 (human) ( 4 )

References
1	Liang P, et al. (2024) Paxillin phase separation promotes focal adhesion assembly and integrin signaling. J Cell Biol 223 38466167 Curated Info
2	Zhang Y, et al. (2023) Fyn-Mediated Paxillin Tyrosine 31 Phosphorylation Regulates Migration and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 24 37958964 Curated Info
3	Liang P, et al. (2023) An ULK1/2-PXN mechanotransduction pathway suppresses breast cancer cell migration. EMBO Rep, e56850 37846507 Curated Info
4	Fu P, et al. (2021) Essential role for paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation in LPS-induced mitochondrial fission, ROS generation and lung endothelial barrier loss. Sci Rep 11, 17546 34475475 Curated Info
5	Block MR, et al. (2020) The mechano-sensitive response of ¿¿1 integrin promotes SRC-positive late endosome recycling and activation of Yes-associated protein. J Biol Chem 32690605 Curated Info
6	Lin YY, et al. (2020) PODXL2 maintains cellular stemness and promotes breast cancer development through the Rac1/Akt pathway. Int J Med Sci 32669966 Curated Info
7	Ohmi Y, et al. (2018) Differential roles of gangliosides in malignant properties of melanomas. PLoS One 13, e0206881 30462668 Curated Info
8	Chang CH, et al. (2017) Endosomal sorting and c-Cbl targeting of paxillin to autophagosomes regulate cell-matrix adhesion turnover in human breast cancer cells. Oncotarget 8, 31199-31214 28415719 Curated Info
9	Wang Y, et al. (2017) Inhibition of MAPK pathway is essential for suppressing Rheb-Y35N driven tumor growth. Oncogene 36, 756-765 27399332 Curated Info
10	Fu P, et al. (2015) Role played by paxillin and paxillin tyrosine phosphorylation in hepatocyte growth factor/sphingosine-1-phosphate-mediated reactive oxygen species generation, lamellipodia formation, and endothelial barrier function. Pulm Circ 5, 619-30 26697169 Curated Info
11	Sausgruber N, et al. (2015) Tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 increases cell motility in triple-negative breast cancer through the activation of SRC-family kinases. Oncogene 34, 2272-8 24931162 Curated Info
12	Palacios-Moreno J, et al. (2015) Neuroblastoma Tyrosine Kinase Signaling Networks Involve FYN and LYN in Endosomes and Lipid Rafts. PLoS Comput Biol 11, e1004130 25884760 Curated Info
13	Hammer A, Oladimeji P, De Las Casas LE, Diakonova M (2015) Phosphorylation of tyrosine 285 of PAK1 facilitates βPIX/GIT1 binding and adhesion turnover. FASEB J 29, 943-59 25466889 Curated Info
14	Rikova K (2012) CST Curation Set: 16140; Year: 2012; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, A549/iressa, gleevec, crizotinib; Disease: -; TMT: Y; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine (P-Tyr-1000) MultiMab(TM) Rabbit mAb mix Cat#: 8954 Curated Info
15	Rikova K (2012) CST Curation Set: 16139; Year: 2012; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, H1703/gleevec; Disease: -; TMT: Y; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine (P-Tyr-1000) MultiMab(TM) Rabbit mAb mix Cat#: 8954 Curated Info
16	Rikova K (2011) CST Curation Set: 10905; Year: 2011; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H1563/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: p[STY]) Curated Info
17	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7848; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, Cell Mix/untreated; Disease: -; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
18	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7849; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H441/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
19	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7813; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H23/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
20	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7814; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H358/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
21	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7815; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, PANC-1/untreated; Disease: pancreatic carcinoma; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
22	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7816; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H441/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
23	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7288; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, A549/untreated; Disease: lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
24	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7291; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, HCC827/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
25	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7293; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H1975/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
26	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7284; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H1650/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
27	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 7286; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H3255/untreated; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
28	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 5955; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H1703/Gleevec; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
29	Moritz A (2009) CST Curation Set: 5956; Year: 2009; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H1703/Gleevec; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
30	Moritz A (2008) CST Curation Set: 5774; Year: 2008; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H3255/Iressa; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
31	Moritz A (2008) CST Curation Set: 5775; Year: 2008; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H3255/Iressa; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
32	Moritz A (2008) CST Curation Set: 5770; Year: 2008; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, MKN-45/Su11274; Disease: gastric carcinoma; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
33	Moritz A (2008) CST Curation Set: 5772; Year: 2008; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, MKN-45/Su11274; Disease: gastric carcinoma; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
34	Farnsworth C (2008) CST Curation Set: 4719; Year: 2008; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, Jurkat/calyculin_A & pervanadate; Disease: T cell leukemia; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
35	Farnsworth C (2008) CST Curation Set: 4457; Year: 2008; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, Jurkat/calyculin_A & pervanadate; Disease: T cell leukemia; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
36	Guo A (2007) CST Curation Set: 2780; Year: 2007; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, MKN-45/Su11274; Disease: gastric carcinoma; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
37	Guo A (2007) CST Curation Set: 2781; Year: 2007; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, MKN-45/-; Disease: gastric carcinoma; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
38	Moritz A (2007) CST Curation Set: 2767; Year: 2007; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H1703/Gleevec; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
39	Moritz A (2007) CST Curation Set: 2772; Year: 2007; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H1703/-; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
40	Moritz A (2007) CST Curation Set: 2777; Year: 2007; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H3255/Iressa; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
41	Moritz A (2007) CST Curation Set: 2778; Year: 2007; Biosample/Treatment: cell line, NCI-H3255/-; Disease: non-small cell lung cancer; SILAC: -; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
42	Guo A (2004) CST Curation Set: 412; Year: 2004; Biosample1/Treatment/Isotope: cell line, BxPC-3/EGF &'\|\|' Iressa/L, Biosample2/Treatment/Isotope: cell line, BxPC-3/EGF/H; Disease: pancreatic carcinoma; SILAC: Y; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
43	Guo A (2004) CST Curation Set: 392; Year: 2004; Biosample1/Treatment/Isotope: cell line, BxPC-3/none/L, Biosample2/Treatment/Isotope: cell line, BxPC-3/EGF/H; Disease: pancreatic carcinoma; SILAC: Y; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
44	Guo A (2004) CST Curation Set: 393; Year: 2004; Biosample1/Treatment/Isotope: cell line, BxPC-3/EGF/L, Biosample2/Treatment/Isotope: cell line, BxPC-3/EGF/Iressa/H; Disease: pancreatic carcinoma; SILAC: Y; Specificities of Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: pY Antibodies Used to Purify Peptides prior to LCMS: Phospho-Tyrosine Mouse mAb (P-Tyr-100) Cat#: 9411, PTMScan(R) Phospho-Tyr Motif (Y*) Immunoaffinity Beads Cat#: 1991 Curated Info
45	Lu Q, et al. Hesperetin Inhibits TGF-β1-Induced Migration and Invasion of Triple Negative Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells via Suppressing Fyn/Paxillin/RhoA Pathway. Integr Cancer Ther 21, 15347354221086900 35297710 Curated Info