Ser431

Site Information
SGNNDEVsPKRRKLs SwissProt Entrez-Gene
Blast this site against: NCBI SwissProt PDB
Site Group ID: 456320

In vivo Characterization
Methods used to characterize site in vivo:	immunoassay ( 1 , 2 ) , mass spectrometry ( 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 ) , phospho-antibody ( 1 , 2 , 8 , 12 ) , western blotting ( 1 , 8 , 12 )
Relevant cell line - cell type - tissue:	32Dcl3 (myeloid) [FLT3 (mouse), transfection, chimera with human FLT3-ITD mutant (corresponding to wild type P36888 ( 10 ) , 32Dcl3 (myeloid) ( 10 ) , AC16 ( 1 ) , heart ( 1 ) , HeLa (cervical) ( 12 ) , HL-1 (myocyte) [Akt1 (mouse), knockdown, stable lentiviral expression of Akt1 shRNA] ( 5 ) , HL-1 (myocyte) [Akt2 (mouse), knockdown, stable lentiviral expression of Akt2 shRNA] ( 5 ) , HL-1 (myocyte) ( 5 ) , liver ( 7 ) , liver [leptin (mouse), homozygous knockout] ( 7 ) , macrophage-peritoneum ( 6 ) , MEF (fibroblast) ( 2 , 8 , 12 ) , myocyte-heart ( 1 ) , RAW 264.7 (macrophage) ( 4 ) , testis ( 9 )

In vivo Characterization

Methods used to characterize site in vivo:

immunoassay ( 1 , 2 ) , mass spectrometry ( 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 ) , phospho-antibody ( 1 , 2 , 8 , 12 ) , western blotting ( 1 , 8 , 12 )

Relevant cell line - cell type - tissue:

32Dcl3 (myeloid) [FLT3 (mouse), transfection, chimera with human FLT3-ITD mutant (corresponding to wild type P36888 ( 10 ) , 32Dcl3 (myeloid) ( 10 ) , AC16 ( 1 ) , heart ( 1 ) , HeLa (cervical) ( 12 ) , HL-1 (myocyte) [Akt1 (mouse), knockdown, stable lentiviral expression of Akt1 shRNA] ( 5 ) , HL-1 (myocyte) [Akt2 (mouse), knockdown, stable lentiviral expression of Akt2 shRNA] ( 5 ) , HL-1 (myocyte) ( 5 ) , liver ( 7 ) , liver [leptin (mouse), homozygous knockout] ( 7 ) , macrophage-peritoneum ( 6 ) , MEF (fibroblast) ( 2 , 8 , 12 ) , myocyte-heart ( 1 ) , RAW 264.7 (macrophage) ( 4 ) , testis ( 9 )

Upstream Regulation
Regulatory protein:	Abl (mouse) ( 8 ) , HBpX (retrovirus) ( 11 ) , NCK1 (mouse) ( 12 ) , P38A (human) ( 11 ) , RNASEH1 (human) ( 2 ) , RTEL1 (human) ( 2 ) , SIRT1 (human) ( 1 )
Treatments:	adriamycin ( 8 ) , D-phenylalanine ( 1 ) , H2O2 ( 1 ) , hydroxyurea ( 8 ) , selisistat ( 1 ) , tyrosine ( 1 ) , UV ( 11 , 12 )

Downstream Regulation
Effects of modification on ATR:	enzymatic activity, induced ( 11 )

References
1	Zhao R, et al. (2023) Nuclear ATR lysine-tyrosylation protects against heart failure by activating DNA damage response. Cell Rep 42, 112400 37071536 Curated Info
2	Kotsantis P, et al. (2020) RTEL1 Regulates G4/R-Loops to Avert Replication-Transcription Collisions. Cell Rep 33357438 Curated Info
3	Sacco F, et al. (2016) Glucose-regulated and drug-perturbed phosphoproteome reveals molecular mechanisms controlling insulin secretion. Nat Commun 7, 13250 27841257 Curated Info
4	Pinto SM, et al. (2015) Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of IL-33-mediated signaling. Proteomics 15, 532-44 25367039 Curated Info
5	Reinartz M, Raupach A, Kaisers W, Gödecke A (2014) AKT1 and AKT2 induce distinct phosphorylation patterns in HL-1 cardiac myocytes. J Proteome Res 13, 4232-45 25162660 Curated Info
6	Wu X, et al. (2012) Investigation of receptor interacting protein (RIP3)-dependent protein phosphorylation by quantitative phosphoproteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 11, 1640-51 22942356 Curated Info
7	Grimsrud PA, et al. (2012) A quantitative map of the liver mitochondrial phosphoproteome reveals posttranslational control of ketogenesis. Cell Metab 16, 672-83 23140645 Curated Info
8	Wang X, et al. (2011) A positive role for c-Abl in Atm and Atr activation in DNA damage response. Cell Death Differ 18, 5-15 20798688 Curated Info
9	Huttlin EL, et al. (2010) A tissue-specific atlas of mouse protein phosphorylation and expression. Cell 143, 1174-89 21183079 Curated Info
10	Choudhary C, et al. (2009) Mislocalized activation of oncogenic RTKs switches downstream signaling outcomes. Mol Cell 36, 326-39 19854140 Curated Info
11	Wang WH, Hullinger RL, Andrisani OM (2008) Hepatitis B virus X protein via the p38MAPK pathway induces E2F1 release and ATR kinase activation mediating p53 apoptosis. J Biol Chem 283, 25455-67 18606816 Curated Info
12	Kremer BE, Adang LA, Macara IG (2007) Septins regulate actin organization and cell-cycle arrest through nuclear accumulation of NCK mediated by SOCS7. Cell 130, 837-50 17803907 Curated Info