RAD51C
Essential for the homologous recombination (HR) pathway of DNA repair. Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. Part of the RAD21 paralog protein complexes BCDX2 and CX3 which act at different stages of the BRCA1-BRCA2-dependent HR pathway. Upon DNA damage, BCDX2 seems to act downstream of BRCA2 recruitment and upstream of RAD51 recruitment; CX3 seems to act downstream of RAD51 recruitment; both complexes bind predominantly to the intersection of the four duplex arms of the Holliday junction (HJ) and to junction of replication forks. The BCDX2 complex was originally reported to bind single-stranded DNA, single-stranded gaps in duplex DNA and specifically to nicks in duplex DNA. The BCDX2 subcomplex RAD51B:RAD51C exhibits single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity suggesting an involvement in early stages of the HR pathway. Involved in RAD51 foci formation in response to DNA damage suggesting an involvement in early stages of HR probably in the invasion step. Has an early function in DNA repair in facilitating phosphorylation of the checkpoint kinase CHEK2 and thereby transduction of the damage signal, leading to cell cycle arrest and HR activation. Participates in branch migration and HJ resolution and thus is important for processing HR intermediates late in the DNA repair process; the function may be linked to the CX3 complex. Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR complex containing BRCA2 and which is thought to play a role in DNA repair by HR. Protects RAD51 from ubiquitin-mediated degradation that is enhanced following DNA damage. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51 and XRCC3. Contributes to DNA cross-link resistance, sister chromatid cohesion and genomic stability. Involved in maintaining centrosome number in mitosis. Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily. Expressed in a variety of tissues, with highest expression in testis, heart muscle, spleen and prostate. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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Protein type: DNA repair, damage |
Chromosomal Location of human Ortholog: 17q22 |
Cellular Component:
cell junction; cytoplasm; cytosol; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; mitochondrion; nucleoplasm; nucleus; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; Rad51B-Rad51C-Rad51D-XRCC2 complex; Rad51C-XRCC3 complex; replication fork
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Molecular Function:
ATP binding; ATP-dependent DNA damage sensor activity; crossover junction DNA endonuclease activity; DNA binding; four-way junction DNA binding; protein binding
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Biological Process:
DNA recombination; DNA repair; double-strand break repair via homologous recombination; female meiosis sister chromatid cohesion; male meiosis I; meiotic DNA recombinase assembly; positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle; reciprocal meiotic recombination; sister chromatid cohesion; spermatogenesis; telomere maintenance via recombination
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Disease: Breast-ovarian Cancer, Familial, Susceptibility To, 3; Fanconi Anemia, Complementation Group O
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Reference #:
O43502
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: BROVCA3; DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 3; FANCO; MGC104277; R51H3; RA51C; RAD51 homolog C; RAD51 homolog C (S. cerevisiae); RAD51 homolog C, isoform 1; RAD51 paralog C; RAD51-like protein 2; RAD51C; RAD51L2; yeast RAD51 homolog 3
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Gene Symbols: RAD51C
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Molecular weight:
42,190 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
6.28
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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