H2AFY iso1
Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes where it represses transcription. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Involved in stable X chromosome inactivation. Inhibits the binding of transcription factors, including NF-kappa-B, and interferes with the activity of remodeling SWI/SNF complexes. Inhibits histone acetylation by EP300 and recruits class I HDACs, which induces a hypoacetylated state of chromatin. Isoform 1: Binds ADP-ribose and O-acetyl-ADP-ribose, and may be involved in ADP-ribose-mediated chromatin modulation. Increases the expression of genes involved in redox metabolism, including SOD3. Isoform 2: Represses SOD3 gene expression. Widely expressed. 3 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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Protein type: DNA-binding |
Chromosomal Location of human Ortholog: 5q31.1 |
Cellular Component:
Barr body; chromatin; condensed chromosome; nuclear chromosome; nucleolus; nucleoplasm; nucleosome; nucleus; pericentric heterochromatin; sex chromatin; site of DNA damage
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Molecular Function:
chromatin DNA binding; DNA binding; double-stranded methylated DNA binding; enzyme binding; nucleosomal DNA binding; poly-ADP-D-ribose modification-dependent protein binding; promoter-specific chromatin binding; protein binding; protein heterodimerization activity; protein kinase binding; protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity; rDNA binding; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; structural constituent of chromatin; transcription cis-regulatory region binding
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Biological Process:
DNA repair; dosage compensation; epigenetic regulation of gene expression; establishment of protein localization to chromatin; negative regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition; negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic; negative regulation of protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region; negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; negative regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I; nucleosome assembly; positive regulation of endodermal cell differentiation; positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation; positive regulation of maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion; regulation of lipid metabolic process; regulation of NAD metabolic process; regulation of oxidative phosphorylation; regulation of rDNA heterochromatin formation; regulation of response to oxidative stress; transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling
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Reference #:
O75367-1
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: Core histone macro-H2A.1; H2A histone family member Y; H2A histone family, member Y; H2A.y; H2A/y; H2AF12M; H2AFJ; H2AFY; H2AY; Histone H2A.y; Histone macroH2A1; histone macroH2A1.1; histone macroH2A1.2; macroH2A.1 histone; MACROH2A1; MACROH2A1.1; macroH2A1.2; Medulloblastoma antigen MU-MB-50.205; mH2A1
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Gene Symbols: MACROH2A1
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Molecular weight:
39,617 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
9.8
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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Protein-Specific Antibodies, siRNAs or Recombinant Proteins from Cell Signaling Technology®
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