CYP1B1
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Exhibits catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2- and 4-hydroxy E1 and E2. Displays a predominant hydroxylase activity toward E2 at the C-4 position. Metabolizes testosterone and progesterone to B or D ring hydroxylated metabolites. May act as a major enzyme for all-trans retinoic acid biosynthesis in extrahepatic tissues. Catalyzes two successive oxidative transformation of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal and then to the active form all-trans retinoic acid. Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of certain PUFA. Converts arachidonic acid toward epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EpETrE) regioisomers, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15- EpETrE, that function as lipid mediators in the vascular system. Additionally, displays dehydratase activity toward oxygenated eicosanoids hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoates (HpETEs). This activity is independent of cytochrome P450 reductase, NADPH, and O2. Also involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, particularly converting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic aryl amines procarcinogens to DNA-damaging products. Plays an important role in retinal vascular development. Under hyperoxic O2 conditions, promotes retinal angiogenesis and capillary morphogenesis, likely by metabolizing the oxygenated products generated during the oxidative stress. Also, contributes to oxidative homeostasis and ultrastructural organization and function of trabecular meshwork tissue through modulation of POSTN expression. Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family. Expressed in heart, brain, lung, skeletal muscle, kidney, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon, and peripheral blood leukocytes (PubMed:8175734). Expressed in retinal endothelial cells and umbilical vein endothelial cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19005183). Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
Protein type: Amino Acid Metabolism - tryptophan; EC 1.14.14.1; Oxidoreductase; Xenobiotic Metabolism - metabolism by cytochrome P450
Molecular Function: aromatase activity; estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activity; heme binding; hydroperoxy icosatetraenoate dehydratase activity; iron ion binding; lyase activity; metal ion binding; monooxygenase activity; oxidoreductase activity; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Biological Process: angiogenesis; arachidonic acid metabolic process; benzene-containing compound metabolic process; blood vessel endothelial cell migration; blood vessel morphogenesis; cell adhesion; cellular aromatic compound metabolic process; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide; cellular response to organic cyclic compound; collagen fibril organization; dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process; DNA modification; endothelial cell migration; endothelial cell-cell adhesion; estrogen metabolic process; fatty acid metabolic process; intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress; lipid metabolic process; membrane lipid catabolic process; negative regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; negative regulation of cell migration; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of DNA biosynthetic process; positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process; positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; positive regulation of translation; positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production; regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process; response to toxic substance; retina vasculature development in camera-type eye; retinal blood vessel morphogenesis; retinal metabolic process; retinol metabolic process; steroid metabolic process; toxin metabolic process; trabecular meshwork development; xenobiotic metabolic process
