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myogenin
Acts as a transcriptional activator that promotes transcription of muscle-specific target genes and plays a role in muscle differentiation, cell cycle exit and muscle atrophy. Essential for the development of functional embryonic skeletal fiber muscle differentiation. However is dispensable for postnatal skeletal muscle growth; phosphorylation by CAMK2G inhibits its transcriptional activity in respons to muscle activity. Required for the recruitment of the FACT complex to muscle-specific promoter regions, thus promoting gene expression initiation. During terminal myoblast differentiation, plays a role as a strong activator of transcription at loci with an open chromatin structure previously initiated by MYOD1. Together with MYF5 and MYOD1, co-occupies muscle-specific gene promoter core regions during myogenesis. Cooperates also with myocyte-specific enhancer factor MEF2D and BRG1-dependent recruitment of SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling enzymes to alter chromatin structure at myogenic late gene promoters. Facilitates cell cycle exit during terminal muscle differentiation through the up-regulation of miR-20a expression, which in turn represses genes involved in cell cycle progression. Binds to the E-box containing (E1) promoter region of the miR-20a gene. Plays also a role in preventing reversal of muscle cell differentiation. Contributes to the atrophy-related gene expression in adult denervated muscles. Induces fibroblasts to differentiate into myoblasts. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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| Protein type: DNA-binding; Transcription factor |
| Chromosomal Location of mouse Ortholog: 1 E4|1 58.18 cM |
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Cellular Component:
nucleoplasm; nucleus; protein-DNA complex
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Molecular Function:
chromatin DNA binding; cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; E-box binding; protein binding; protein dimerization activity; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding
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Biological Process:
cell cycle; cell differentiation; cellular response to estradiol stimulus; cellular response to growth factor stimulus; cellular response to lithium ion; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; histone H3 acetylation; histone H4 acetylation; multicellular organism development; muscle cell differentiation; muscle organ development; myotube differentiation; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; negative regulation of glycolytic process; ossification; positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription; positive regulation of muscle atrophy; positive regulation of myoblast differentiation; positive regulation of myotube differentiation; positive regulation of oxidative phosphorylation; positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; regulation of cell cycle; regulation of DNA-templated transcription; regulation of myoblast fusion; regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; response to denervation involved in regulation of muscle adaptation; response to electrical stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation; response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation; skeletal muscle cell differentiation; skeletal muscle fiber development; skeletal muscle tissue development; striated muscle atrophy
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Reference #:
P12979
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: bHLHc; bHLHc3; MYF4; myo; MYOD1-related protein; Myog; Myogenin
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Gene Symbols: Myog
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Molecular weight:
25,203 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
5.56
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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