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PAM
Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the post-translational modification of inactive peptidylglycine precursors to the corresponding bioactive alpha-amidated peptides, a terminal modification in biosynthesis of many neural and endocrine peptides. Alpha-amidation involves two sequential reactions, both of which are catalyzed by separate catalytic domains of the enzyme. The first step, catalyzed by peptidyl alpha-hydroxylating monoxygenase (PHM) domain, is the copper-, ascorbate-, and O2- dependent stereospecific hydroxylation (with S stereochemistry) at the alpha-carbon (C-alpha) of the C-terminal glycine of the peptidylglycine substrate. The second step, catalyzed by the peptidylglycine amidoglycolate lyase (PAL) domain, is the zinc-dependent cleavage of the N-C-alpha bond, producing the alpha-amidated peptide and glyoxylate. Similarly, catalyzes the two-step conversion of an N-fatty acylglycine to a primary fatty acid amide and glyoxylate. In the N-terminal section; belongs to the copper type II ascorbate-dependent monooxygenase family. 6 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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| Protein type: EC 1.14.17.3; EC 4.3.2.5; Lyase; Membrane protein, integral; Oxidoreductase; Vesicle |
| Chromosomal Location of rat Ortholog: 9q37 |
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Cellular Component:
cell surface; chromatin; condensed chromosome; extracellular region; extracellular space; neuronal cell body; perikaryon; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; secretory granule; trans-Golgi network; transport vesicle membrane
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Molecular Function:
calcium ion binding; chromatin binding; copper ion binding; identical protein binding; L-ascorbic acid binding; lyase activity; oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen; peptidylamidoglycolate lyase activity; peptidylglycine monooxygenase activity; protein binding; protein kinase binding; zinc ion binding
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Biological Process:
fatty acid primary amide biosynthetic process; heart development; lactation; limb development; long-chain fatty acid metabolic process; maternal process involved in female pregnancy; mitotic chromosome condensation; ovulation cycle process; peptide amidation; peptide metabolic process; protein amidation; regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization; regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; response to copper ion; response to estradiol; response to glucocorticoid; response to hypoxia; response to pH; response to xenobiotic stimulus; response to zinc ion; toxin metabolic process
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Reference #:
P14925
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: AMD; PAL; PAM; Peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase; Peptidyl-glycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase; Peptidylamidoglycolate lyase; Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase; Peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase; PHM
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Gene Symbols: Pam
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Molecular weight:
108,675 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
5.78
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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