CACNA1C
Pore-forming, alpha-1C subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Mediates influx of calcium ions into the cytoplasm, and thereby triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasm. Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. Required for normal heart development and normal regulation of heart rhythm. Required for normal contraction of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels and in the intestine. Essential for normal blood pressure regulation via its role in the contraction of arterial smooth muscle cells. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Influenzavirus. May play a critical role in allowing virus entry when sialylated and expressed on lung tissues. Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. CACNA1C subfamily. Detected throughout the brain, including hippocampus, cerebellum and amygdala, throughout the heart and vascular system, including ductus arteriosus, in urinary bladder, and in retina and sclera in the eye (PubMed:15454078). Expressed in brain, heart, jejunum, ovary, pancreatic beta-cells and vascular smooth muscle. Overall expression is reduced in atherosclerotic vascular smooth muscle. 26 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
Protein type: Channel, calcium; Membrane protein, integral; Membrane protein, multi-pass
Molecular Function: alpha-actinin binding; calmodulin binding; high voltage-gated calcium channel activity; metal ion binding; protein binding; voltage-gated calcium channel activity; voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in AV node cell action potential; voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential
Biological Process: calcium ion import across plasma membrane; calcium ion transmembrane transport; calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channel; calcium ion transport into cytosol; calcium-mediated signaling using extracellular calcium source; camera-type eye development; cardiac conduction; cardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contraction; cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction; embryonic forelimb morphogenesis; heart development; immune system development; membrane depolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential; membrane depolarization during AV node cell action potential; membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential; positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity; positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion; regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction; regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential
