TRPV1
Ligand-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel involved in detection of noxious chemical and thermal stimuli. Seems to mediate proton influx and may be involved in intracellular acidosis in nociceptive neurons. Involved in mediation of inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia. Sensitized by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system activated by receptor tyrosine kinases, which involves PKC isozymes and PCL. Activation by vanilloids, like capsaicin, and temperatures higher than 42 degrees Celsius, exhibits a time- and Ca(2+)-dependent outward rectification, followed by a long-lasting refractory state. Mild extracellular acidic pH (6.5) potentiates channel activation by noxious heat and vanilloids, whereas acidic conditions (pH <6) directly activate the channel. Can be activated by endogenous compounds, including 12-hydroperoxytetraenoic acid and bradykinin. Acts as ionotropic endocannabinoid receptor with central neuromodulatory effects. Triggers a form of long-term depression (TRPV1-LTD) mediated by the endocannabinoid anandamine in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens by affecting AMPA receptors endocytosis. Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. TrpV subfamily. TRPV1 sub-subfamily. Widely expressed at low levels. Expression is elevated in dorsal root ganglia. In skin, expressed in cutaneous sensory nerve fibers, mast cells, epidermal keratinocytes, dermal blood vessels, the inner root sheet and the infundibulum of hair follicles, differentiated sebocytes, sweat gland ducts, and the secretory portion of eccrine sweat glands (at protein level). 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
Molecular Function: ATP binding; calcium channel activity; calcium-release channel activity; calmodulin binding; chloride channel regulator activity; excitatory extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity; extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity; identical protein binding; ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity; metal ion binding; monoatomic cation channel activity; monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity; monoatomic ion channel activity; phosphatidylinositol binding; phosphoprotein binding; protein binding; temperature-gated ion channel activity; transmembrane signaling receptor activity
Biological Process: behavioral response to pain; calcium ion import across plasma membrane; calcium ion transmembrane transport; calcium ion transport; cellular response to acidic pH; cellular response to alkaloid; cellular response to ATP; cellular response to cytokine stimulus; cellular response to growth factor stimulus; cellular response to heat; cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus; cellular response to temperature stimulus; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain; detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain; detection of temperature stimulus involved in thermoception; diet induced thermogenesis; excitatory postsynaptic potential; fever generation; glutamate secretion; lipid metabolic process; microglial cell activation; monoatomic ion transmembrane transport; negative regulation of establishment of blood-brain barrier; negative regulation of heart rate; negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential; negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; peptide secretion; positive regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; protein homotetramerization; release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol; response to capsazepine; response to heat; response to organonitrogen compound; response to pain; response to peptide hormone; response to pH; sensory perception of mechanical stimulus; sensory perception of pain; smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition; temperature homeostasis; thermoception; urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction
