AP2M1 iso3
Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to play a role in the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes from the presynaptic surface. AP-2 recognizes Y-X-X-[FILMV] (Y-X-X-Phi) and [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] endocytosis signal motifs within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-2 may also play a role in maintaining normal post-endocytic trafficking through the ARF6-regulated, non-clathrin pathway. The AP-2 mu subunit binds to transmembrane cargo proteins; it recognizes the Y-X-X-Phi motifs. The surface region interacting with to the Y-X-X-Phi motif is inaccessible in cytosolic AP-2, but becomes accessible through a conformational change following phosphorylation of AP-2 mu subunit at 'Tyr-156' in membrane-associated AP-2. The membrane-specific phosphorylation event appears to involve assembled clathrin which activates the AP-2 mu kinase AAK1. Plays a role in endocytosis of frizzled family members upon Wnt signaling. Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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Protein type: Adaptor/scaffold; Vesicle |
Chromosomal Location of mouse Ortholog: 16|16 A3 |
Cellular Component:
AP-2 adaptor complex; clathrin adaptor complex; clathrin-coated pit; cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle; extrinsic component of presynaptic endocytic zone membrane; glutamatergic synapse; membrane; plasma membrane; secretory granule; synapse
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Molecular Function:
clathrin adaptor activity; disordered domain specific binding; lipid binding; low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding; protein binding; signal sequence binding; transmembrane transporter binding
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Biological Process:
clathrin-dependent endocytosis; endocytosis; intracellular protein transport; negative regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane; positive regulation of receptor internalization; positive regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis; postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization; protein transport; protein-containing complex assembly; receptor internalization; regulation of vesicle size; synaptic vesicle endocytosis; vesicle budding from membrane; vesicle-mediated transport
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Reference #:
Q3TWV4
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: adapter-related protein complex 2 mu subunit; adaptor protein complex AP-2 subunit mu; adaptor protein complex AP-2, mu1; adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit mu; adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit; adaptor-related protein complex AP-2, mu1; AP-2 complex subunit mu; AP-2 mu chain; Ap2m1; AP2M1 iso3; clathrin assembly protein complex 2 medium chain; clathrin assembly protein complex 2 mu medium chain; clathrin coat assembly protein AP50; clathrin coat-associated protein AP50; clathrin-associated AP-2; mu2-adaptin; plasma membrane adaptor AP-2 50 kDa protein
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Gene Symbols: Ap2m1
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Molecular weight:
49,389 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
9.57
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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