CD3D Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR-mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling pathways. In addition of this role of signal transduction in T-cell activation, CD3D plays an essential role in thymocyte differentiation. Indeed, participates in correct intracellular TCR-CD3 complex assembly and surface expression. In absence of a functional TCR-CD3 complex, thymocytes are unable to differentiate properly. Interacts with CD4 and CD8 and thus serves to establish a functional link between the TCR and coreceptors CD4 and CD8, which is needed for activation and positive selection of CD4 or CD8 T-cells(PubMed:12215456). CD3D is mostly present on T-lymphocytes with its TCR-CD3 partners. Present also in fetal NK-cells. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.

Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, misc.

Chromosomal Location of human Ortholog: 11q23.3

Cellular Component: alpha-beta T cell receptor complex; clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane; cytoplasm; external side of plasma membrane; plasma membrane; T cell receptor complex

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; protein binding; transmembrane signaling receptor activity

Biological Process: adaptive immune response; alpha-beta T cell activation; cell surface receptor signaling pathway; positive thymic T cell selection; T cell receptor signaling pathway

Disease: Immunodeficiency 19

Reference #: P04234 (UniProtKB)

Alt. Names/Synonyms: CD3 antigen, delta subunit; CD3 delta; CD3-DELTA; CD3D; CD3d antigen, delta polypeptide (TiT3 complex); CD3d molecule; CD3d molecule, delta (CD3-TCR complex); IMD19; OKT3, delta chain; T-cell receptor T3 delta chain; T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 delta chain; T3D

Gene Symbols: CD3D

Molecular weight: 18,930 Da

Basal Isoelectric point: 5.3 Predict pI for various phosphorylation states

CST Pathways: T Cell Receptor Signaling

Protein-Specific Antibodies, siRNAs or Recombinant Proteins from Cell Signaling Technology^®

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CD3D

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