TLR3
Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR3 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by double-stranded RNA, a sign of viral infection. Acts via the adapter TRIF/TICAM1, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, IRF3 nuclear translocation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family. Expressed at high level in placenta and pancreas. Also detected in CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Only expressed in dendritic cells and not in other leukocytes, including monocyte precursors. TLR3 is the TLR that is expressed most strongly in the brain, especially in astrocytes, glia, and neurons. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, cytokine |
Chromosomal Location of rat Ortholog: 16q11 |
Cellular Component:
cell surface; cytoplasm; early endosome; plasma membrane
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Molecular Function:
double-stranded RNA binding; identical protein binding; pattern recognition receptor activity; signaling receptor activity; transmembrane signaling receptor activity
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Biological Process:
cellular response to exogenous dsRNA; cellular response to interferon-beta; cellular response to mechanical stimulus; cellular response to type II interferon; cellular response to virus; cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus; defense response; defense response to virus; extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; I-kappaB phosphorylation; inflammatory response; inflammatory response to wounding; JNK cascade; male gonad development; MAPK cascade; microglial cell activation; necroptotic signaling pathway; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of chemokine production; positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response; positive regulation of gene expression; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of interferon-alpha production; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; positive regulation of JNK cascade; positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity; positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; positive regulation of type I interferon production; positive regulation of type II interferon production; positive regulation of type III interferon production; regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production; response to dsRNA; response to exogenous dsRNA; response to virus; toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; type III interferon production
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Reference #:
Q7TNI8
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: Tlr3; Toll-like receptor 3
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Gene Symbols: Tlr3
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Molecular weight:
103,175 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
8.07
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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CST Pathways:
NF-kB Signaling
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Toll-Like Receptor Signaling
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