Akt1
an oncogenic AGC kinase that plays a critical role in regulating many processes including cell survival, metabolism, proliferation, growth and angiogenesis. Over 160 protein substrates are known including many that regulate transcription, metabolism, apoptosis, cell cycle, and growth. The activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase alpha (PIK3CA) at the plasma membrane generates phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), which binds to the PH domain of Akt, inducing its translocation to the plasma membrane. Dual phosphorylation is required for its activation. T308 is phosphorylated by PDK1 in the PI3 kinase pathway, and S473 is phosphorylated by mTOR in the mTORC2 pathway. The 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of AKT1 by TRAF6 is important for its translocation to the plasma membrane, phosphorylation, and activation. When Akt is fully phosphorylated it translocates into the nucleus, undergoes 'Lys-48'-polyubiquitination catalyzed by TTC3, leading to its proteosomal degradation. Hyperactive or overexpressed in a number of cancers including breast, prostate, lung, pancreatic, liver, ovarian and colorectal. Two alternatively-spliced human isoforms have been described. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
Protein type: AGC group; AKT family; EC 2.7.11.1; Kinase, protein; Oncoprotein; Protein kinase, AGC; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor)
Molecular Function: 14-3-3 protein binding; ATP binding; calmodulin binding; enzyme binding; GTPase activating protein binding; identical protein binding; kinase activity; nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity; phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding; phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding; potassium channel activator activity; protein binding; protein homodimerization activity; protein kinase activity; protein kinase binding; protein kinase C binding; protein phosphatase 2A binding; protein serine kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase binding; protein serine/threonine kinase inhibitor activity; protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity
Biological Process: activation-induced cell death of T cells; apoptotic mitochondrial changes; behavioral response to pain; carbohydrate transport; cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis; cell projection organization; cellular response to cadmium ion; cellular response to decreased oxygen levels; cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus; cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus; cellular response to growth factor stimulus; cellular response to hypoxia; cellular response to insulin stimulus; cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus; cellular response to mechanical stimulus; cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus; cellular response to organic cyclic compound; cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus; cellular response to peptide; cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus; cellular response to reactive oxygen species; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor; cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus; DNA damage response; epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway; establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion; execution phase of apoptosis; gene expression; germ cell development; glucose homeostasis; glucose metabolic process; glycogen biosynthetic process; glycogen cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development; glycogen metabolic process; I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling; inflammatory response; insulin receptor signaling pathway; insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway; interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway; intracellular signal transduction; labyrinthine layer blood vessel development; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion; mammalian oogenesis stage; maternal placenta development; negative regulation of apoptotic process; negative regulation of autophagy; negative regulation of calcium import into the mitochondrion; negative regulation of cell size; negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process; negative regulation of endopeptidase activity; negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation; negative regulation of gene expression; negative regulation of innate immune response; negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; negative regulation of JNK cascade; negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion; negative regulation of long-chain fatty acid import across plasma membrane; negative regulation of lymphocyte migration; negative regulation of protein binding; negative regulation of protein kinase activity; negative regulation of protein ubiquitination; negative regulation of proteolysis; negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria; negative regulation of superoxide anion generation; NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; osteoblast differentiation; peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation; peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling; phosphorylation; positive regulation of apoptotic process; positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; positive regulation of cell growth; positive regulation of cell population proliferation; positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity; positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription; positive regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity; positive regulation of endothelial cell migration; positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of fat cell differentiation; positive regulation of fibroblast migration; positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; positive regulation of gene expression; positive regulation of glucose import; positive regulation of glucose metabolic process; positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; positive regulation of I-kappaB phosphorylation; positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process; positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity; positive regulation of organ growth; positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface; positive regulation of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum; positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus; positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane; positive regulation of protein metabolic process; positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; positive regulation of sodium ion transport; positive regulation of TORC1 signaling; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of vasoconstriction; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; protein catabolic process; protein import into nucleus; protein kinase B signaling; protein phosphorylation; protein ubiquitination; regulation of aerobic respiration; regulation of apoptotic process; regulation of cell migration; regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process; regulation of myelination; regulation of neuron projection development; regulation of postsynapse organization; regulation of protein localization; regulation of translation; regulation of tRNA methylation; response to fluid shear stress; response to food; response to growth factor; response to growth hormone; response to heat; response to hormone; response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus; response to ischemia; response to organic substance; response to oxidative stress; response to UV-A; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway; spinal cord development; striated muscle cell differentiation; translation