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AXL
Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding growth factor GAS6 and which is thus regulating many physiological processes including cell survival, cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of AXL. Following activation by ligand, ALX binds and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of PI3-kinase subunits PIK3R1, PIK3R2 and PIK3R3; but also GRB2, PLCG1, LCK and PTPN11. Other downstream substrate candidates for AXL are CBL, NCK2, SOCS1 and TNS2. Recruitment of GRB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase regulatory subunits by AXL leads to the downstream activation of the AKT kinase. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses. Plays also an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for lassa virus and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Ebolavirus, possibly through GAS6 binding to phosphatidyl-serine at the surface of virion envelope. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. AXL/UFO subfamily. Highly expressed in metastatic colon tumors. Expressed in primary colon tumors. Weakly expressed in normal colon tissue. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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| Protein type: Axl family; EC 2.7.10.1; Kinase, protein; Membrane protein, integral; Oncoprotein; Protein kinase, TK; Protein kinase, tyrosine (receptor); TK group |
| Chromosomal Location of mouse Ortholog: 7 A3|7 14.02 cM |
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Cellular Component:
actin cytoskeleton; cell surface; extracellular space; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; membrane; plasma membrane; receptor complex
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Molecular Function:
ATP binding; kinase activity; myosin heavy chain binding; nucleotide binding; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding; phosphatidylserine binding; protein binding; protein kinase activity; protein tyrosine kinase activity; transferase activity; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity; virus receptor activity
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Biological Process:
apoptotic cell clearance; apoptotic process; blood vessel remodeling; cell differentiation; cell migration; cellular response to extracellular stimulus; cellular response to hydrogen peroxide; cellular response to interferon-alpha; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway; erythrocyte homeostasis; establishment of localization in cell; forebrain cell migration; immune system process; inflammatory response; innate immune response; lymphocyte activation; macrophage cytokine production; multicellular organism development; natural killer cell differentiation; negative regulation of apoptotic process; negative regulation of cytokine production; negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process; negative regulation of lymphocyte activation; negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production; negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; negative regulation of type II interferon production; nervous system development; neuron apoptotic process; neuron migration; neutrophil clearance; ovulation cycle; phagocytosis; phosphorylation; platelet activation; positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of kinase activity; positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation; positive regulation of pinocytosis; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling; positive regulation of viral life cycle; protein kinase B signaling; protein phosphorylation; secretion by cell; spermatogenesis; substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway; tumor necrosis factor production; vagina development; viral entry into host cell
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Reference #:
Q00993
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: Adhesion-related kinase; AI323647; Ark; Axl; AXL receptor tyrosine kinase; OTTMUSP00000025228; Tyr; Tyro7; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO; Ufo; ufo oncogene homolog
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Gene Symbols: Axl
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Molecular weight:
98,191 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
5.49
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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CST Pathways:
Tyrosine Kinases & Substrates
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Protein-Specific Antibodies, siRNAs or Recombinant Proteins from Cell Signaling Technology®
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