RC3H1
Post-transcriptional repressor of mRNAs containing a conserved stem loop motif, called constitutive decay element (CDE), which is often located in the 3'-UTR, as in HMGXB3, ICOS, IER3, NFKBID, NFKBIZ, PPP1R10, TNF, TNFRSF4 and in many more mRNAs. Cleaves translationally inactive mRNAs harboring a stem-loop (SL), often located in their 3'-UTRs, during the early phase of inflammation in a helicase UPF1-independent manner. Binds to CDE and promotes mRNA deadenylation and degradation. This process does not involve miRNAs. In follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, represses of ICOS and TNFRSF4 expression, thus preventing spontaneous Tfh cell differentiation, germinal center B-cell differentiation in the absence of immunization and autoimmunity. In resting or LPS-stimulated macrophages, controls inflammation by suppressing TNF expression. Also recognizes CDE in its own mRNA and in that of paralogous RC3H2, possibly leading to feedback loop regulation. Recognizes and binds mRNAs containing a hexaloop stem-loop motif, called alternative decay element (ADE). Able to interact with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). miRNA-binding protein that regulates microRNA homeostasis. Enhances DICER-mediated processing of pre-MIR146a but reduces mature MIR146a levels through an increase of 3' end uridylation. Both inhibits ICOS mRNA expression and they may act together to exert the suppression. Acts as a ubiquitin E3 ligase. Pairs with E2 enzymes UBE2A, UBE2B, UBE2D2, UBE2F, UBE2G1, UBE2G2 and UBE2L3 and produces polyubiquitin chains. Show the strongest activity when paired with UBE2N:UBE2V1 or UBE2N:UBE2V2 E2 complexes and generate both short and long polyubiquitin chains. Widely expressed. Expressed at higher level in cerebellum, spleen, ovary and liver. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
Protein type: EC 2.3.2.27; RNA-binding; Ubiquitin conjugating system; Ubiquitin ligase
Molecular Function: CCR4-NOT complex binding; double-stranded RNA binding; metal ion binding; miRNA binding; mRNA 3'-UTR binding; mRNA binding; protein binding; RNA binding; RNA stem-loop binding; transferase activity; ubiquitin protein ligase activity; ubiquitin-protein transferase activity; zinc ion binding
Biological Process: 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA destabilization; B cell homeostasis; cellular response to interleukin-1; lymph node development; negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation; negative regulation of B cell proliferation; negative regulation of germinal center formation; negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation; negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation; nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process; nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay; nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay; P-body assembly; positive regulation of mRNA catabolic process; positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression; protein polyubiquitination; regulation of gene expression; regulation of germinal center formation; regulation of miRNA metabolic process; regulation of mRNA stability; regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay; regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway; spleen development; T cell homeostasis; T cell proliferation; T cell receptor signaling pathway; T follicular helper cell differentiation; ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
Alt. Names/Synonyms: 5730557L09Rik; Gm551; Kiaa2025; mKIAA2025; N28103; probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Roquin; Protein Sanroque; Rc3h1; RING CCCH (C3H) domains 1; RING finger and C3H zinc finger protein 1; RING finger and CCCH-type zinc finger domain-containing protein 1; Roquin; Roquin-1