EphA2 Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Activated by the ligand ephrin-A1/EFNA1 regulates migration, integrin-mediated adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of cells. Regulates cell adhesion and differentiation through DSG1/desmoglein-1 and inhibition of the ERK1/ERK2 (MAPK3/MAPK1, respectively) signaling pathway. May also participate in UV radiation-induced apoptosis and have a ligand-independent stimulatory effect on chemotactic cell migration. During development, may function in distinctive aspects of pattern formation and subsequently in development of several fetal tissues. Involved for instance in angiogenesis, in early hindbrain development and epithelial proliferation and branching morphogenesis during mammary gland development. Engaged by the ligand ephrin-A5/EFNA5 may regulate lens fiber cells shape and interactions and be important for lens transparency development and maintenance. With ephrin-A2/EFNA2 may play a role in bone remodeling through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hepatocytes and facilitates its cell entry. Mediates HCV entry by promoting the formation of the CD81-CLDN1 receptor complexes that are essential for HCV entry and by enhancing membrane fusion of cells expressing HCV envelope glycoproteins. Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Ephrin receptor subfamily. Expressed in brain and glioma tissue and glioma cell lines (at protein level). Expressed most highly in tissues that contain a high proportion of epithelial cells, e.g. skin, intestine, lung, and ovary. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.

Protein type: EC 2.7.10.1; Eph family; Kinase, protein; Membrane protein, integral; Protein kinase, TK; Protein kinase, tyrosine (receptor); TK group

Chromosomal Location of human Ortholog: 1p36.13

Cellular Component: cell surface; focal adhesion; lamellipodium; lamellipodium membrane; leading edge membrane; plasma membrane; receptor complex; ruffle membrane; tight junction

Molecular Function: ATP binding; ephrin receptor activity; growth factor binding; molecular function activator activity; protein binding; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity; virus receptor activity

Biological Process: activation of GTPase activity; axial mesoderm formation; blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis; bone remodeling; branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis; cAMP metabolic process; cell adhesion; cell chemotaxis; cell migration; cell motility; defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; ephrin receptor signaling pathway; inflammatory response; intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage; keratinocyte differentiation; lens fiber cell morphogenesis; mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation; multicellular organism development; negative regulation of angiogenesis; negative regulation of chemokine production; negative regulation of lymphangiogenesis; negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling; neural tube development; neuron differentiation; notochord cell development; notochord formation; osteoblast differentiation; osteoclast differentiation; pericyte cell differentiation; positive regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly; positive regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of kinase activity; positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane; post-anal tail morphogenesis; protein kinase B signaling; protein localization to plasma membrane; protein phosphorylation; regulation of angiogenesis; regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration; regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; regulation of lamellipodium assembly; response to growth factor; skeletal system development; transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway; vasculogenesis; viral entry into host cell

Disease: Cataract 6, Multiple Types

Reference #: P29317 (UniProtKB)

Alt. Names/Synonyms: ARCC2; CTPA; CTPP1; CTRCT6; ECK; EPH receptor A2; EPHA2; ephrin receptor EphA2; Ephrin type-A receptor 2; Epithelial cell kinase; epithelial cell receptor protein tyrosine kinase; protein tyrosine kinase; soluble EPHA2 variant 1; Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor ECK

Gene Symbols: EPHA2

Molecular weight: 108,266 Da

Basal Isoelectric point: 5.86 Predict pI for various phosphorylation states

CST Pathways: Tyrosine Kinases & Substrates

Protein-Specific Antibodies, siRNAs or Recombinant Proteins from Cell Signaling Technology^®

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EphA2

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