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HCST
Transmembrane adapter protein which associates with KLRK1 to form an activation receptor KLRK1-HCST in lymphoid and myeloid cells; this receptor plays a major role in triggering cytotoxicity against target cells expressing cell surface ligands such as MHC class I chain-related MICA and MICB, and UL16-binding proteins (ULBPs); these ligands are up-regulated by stress conditions and pathological state such as viral infection and tumor transformation. Functions as docking site for PI3-kinase PIK3R1 and GRB2. Interaction of ULBPs with KLRK1-HCST triggers calcium mobilization and activation of the PIK3R1, MAP2K/ERK, and JAK2/STAT5 signaling pathways. Both PIK3R1 and GRB2 are required for full KLRK1-HCST-mediated activation and ultimate killing of target cells. In NK cells, KLRK1-HCST signaling directly induces cytotoxicity and enhances cytokine production initiated via DAP12/TYROBP-associated receptors. In T-cells, it provides primarily costimulation for TCR-induced signals. KLRK1-HCST receptor plays a role in immune surveillance against tumors and is required for cytolysis of tumors cells; indeed, melanoma cells that do not express KLRK1 ligands escape from immune surveillance mediated by NK cells. Belongs to the DAP10 family. Predominantly expressed in hemopoietic cells such as NK cells, subset of T-cells and monocytes. Detected in leukocytes, spleen, and thymus. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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| Protein type: Adaptor/scaffold; Membrane protein, integral |
| Chromosomal Location of human Ortholog: 19q13.12 |
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Cellular Component:
cell surface; plasma membrane
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Molecular Function:
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding; protein binding; signaling receptor binding
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Biological Process:
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling; protein phosphorylation; regulation of immune response
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Reference #:
Q9UBK5
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: DAP10; DKFZP586C1522; DNAX-activation protein 10; HCST; Hematopoietic cell signal transducer; KAP10; kinase assoc pro of ~10kDa; kinase assoc protein; Membrane protein DAP10; phosphoinositide-3-kinase adaptor protein; PIK3AP; Transmembrane adapter protein KAP10
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Gene Symbols: HCST
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Molecular weight:
9,489 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
8.63
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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