CTCF
Chromatin binding factor that binds to DNA sequence specific sites. Involved in transcriptional regulation by binding to chromatin insulators and preventing interaction between promoter and nearby enhancers and silencers. Acts as transcriptional repressor binding to promoters of vertebrate MYC gene and BAG1 gene. Also binds to the PLK and PIM1 promoters. Acts as a transcriptional activator of APP. Regulates APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and controls MHC class II gene expression. Plays an essential role in oocyte and preimplantation embryo development by activating or repressing transcription. Seems to act as tumor suppressor. Plays a critical role in the epigenetic regulation. Participates in the allele-specific gene expression at the imprinted IGF2/H19 gene locus. On the maternal allele, binding within the H19 imprinting control region (ICR) mediates maternally inherited higher-order chromatin conformation to restrict enhancer access to IGF2. Plays a critical role in gene silencing over considerable distances in the genome. Preferentially interacts with unmethylated DNA, preventing spreading of CpG methylation and maintaining methylation-free zones. Inversely, binding to target sites is prevented by CpG methylation. Plays an important role in chromatin remodeling. Can dimerize when it is bound to different DNA sequences, mediating long-range chromatin looping. Mediates interchromosomal association between IGF2/H19 and WSB1/NF1 and may direct distant DNA segments to a common transcription factory. Causes local loss of histone acetylation and gain of histone methylation in the beta-globin locus, without affecting transcription. When bound to chromatin, it provides an anchor point for nucleosomes positioning. Seems to be essential for homologous X-chromosome pairing. May participate with Tsix in establishing a regulatable epigenetic switch for X chromosome inactivation. May play a role in preventing the propagation of stable methylation at the escape genes from X- inactivation. Involved in sister chromatid cohesion. Associates with both centromeres and chromosomal arms during metaphase and required for cohesin localization to CTCF sites. Regulates asynchronous replication of IGF2/H19. Plays a role in the recruitment of CENPE to the pericentromeric/centromeric regions of the chromosome during mitosis. Belongs to the CTCF zinc-finger protein family. Ubiquitous. Absent in primary spermatocytes. 2 alternatively spliced human isoforms have been reported. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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Protein type: C2H2-type zinc finger protein; Transcription factor; Tumor suppressor |
Chromosomal Location of human Ortholog: 16q22.1 |
Cellular Component:
chromosome, centromeric region; condensed chromosome; male germ cell nucleus; nucleolus; nucleoplasm; nucleus
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Molecular Function:
chromatin insulator sequence binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; protein binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; sequence-specific DNA binding; transcription cis-regulatory region binding; transcription coregulator binding; zinc ion binding
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Biological Process:
chromatin looping; chromosome segregation; DNA methylation; epigenetic regulation of gene expression; genomic imprinting; negative regulation of cell population proliferation; negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription; negative regulation of gene expression via CpG island methylation; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription; positive regulation of gene expression; protein localization to chromosome, centromeric region; regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion; regulation of gene expression by genomic imprinting
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Disease: Mental Retardation, Autosomal Dominant 21
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Reference #:
P49711
(UniProtKB)
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Alt. Names/Synonyms: 11 zinc finger transcriptional repressor; 11-zinc finger protein; CCCTC-binding factor; CCCTC-binding factor (zinc finger protein); CFAP108; CTCF; CTCFL paralog; FAP108; MRD21; Transcriptional repressor CTCF
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Gene Symbols: CTCF
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Molecular weight:
82,785 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point:
6.51
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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Protein-Specific Antibodies, siRNAs or Recombinant Proteins from Cell Signaling Technology®
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