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ATR (human)

Overview ATR a ser/thr kinase of the PIKK family most closely related to ATM. Activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]Q. Phosphorylates BRCA1, Chk1, MCM2, RAD17, RPA2, SMC1 and p53, which collectively inhibit DNA replication and mitosis and promote DNA repair, recombination and apoptosis. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX/H2AFX at sites of DNA damage, thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Required for FANCD2 ubiquitination. Critical for maintenance of fragile site stability and efficient regulation of centrosome duplication. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB. Protein type: Kinase, protein; Kinase, lipid; Protein kinase, ATYPICAL; Protein kinase, Ser/Thr (non-receptor); Membrane protein, integral; EC 2.7.11.1; ATYPICAL group; PIKK family; ATR subfamily Cellular Component: XY body; nucleoplasm; PML body; chromosome Molecular Function: protein serine/threonine kinase activity; protein binding; DNA binding; MutLalpha complex binding; MutSalpha complex binding; ATP binding; protein kinase activity Biological Process: peptidyl-serine phosphorylation; negative regulation of DNA replication; regulation of protein binding; protein amino acid autophosphorylation; multicellular organismal development; DNA damage checkpoint; positive regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator; cell cycle; DNA repair; DNA replication; cell cycle checkpoint; response to DNA damage stimulus Reference #:  Q13535 (UniProtKB) Alt. Names/Synonyms: ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related; Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein; ATR; FRAP-related protein 1; FRAP-related protein-1; FRP1; MEC1; MEC1, mitosis entry checkpoint 1, homolog; protein kinase ATR; Rad3 related protein; SCKL; SCKL1; Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR Gene Symbols: ATR Molecular weight: 301,367 Da Basal Isoelectric point: 7.17  Predict pI for various phosphorylation states CST Pathways:  Apoptosis  |  Cell Cycle: G1/S Checkpoint  |  Cell Cycle: G2/M DNA Damage Checkpoint  |  Mitochondrial Control of Apoptosis Protein-Specific Antibodies or siRNAs from Cell Signaling Technology®

Select Structure to View Below ATR Substrate Sequence Logo

STRING  |  Scansite  |  KinBase  |  Phospho.ELM  |  NetworKIN  |  Pfam  |  ENZYME  |  DISEASE 210600 601215  |  Source  |  UCSD-Nature  |  GeneCards  |  UniProtKB  |  Entrez-Gene  |  GenPept  |  Ensembl Gene

	Sites Implicated In
cell growth, altered: S428‑p enzymatic activity, induced: S428‑p, T1989‑p molecular association, regulation: T1989‑p

	Modification Sites and Domains	Show Modification Legend
Click here to view phosphorylation modifications only

	Modification Sites in Parent Protein, Orthologs, and Isoforms	Show Modification Legend

SS  SS: The number of records in which this modification site was determined using site-specific methods. SS methods include amino acid sequencing, site-directed mutagenesis, modification site-specific antibodies, specific MS strategies, etc.	MS  MS: The number of records in which this modification site was assigned using ONLY proteomic discovery-mode mass spectrometry.			human
0	1		Y26-p	GSATPEEyNTVVQkP
0	1		K32-u	EyNTVVQkPRQILCQ
0	1		S61-p	ELVKKTDsQPTSVML
1	0		Y291-p	DTDQLKLyEEPLSKL
1	0		Y310-p	FPFEAEAyRNIEPVy
0	1		Y317-p	yRNIEPVyLNMLLEK
8	4		S428-p	SSNSDGIsPKRRRLs
0	78		S435-p	sPKRRRLsssLNPsk
0	46		S436-p	PKRRRLsssLNPskR
0	5		S437-p	KRRRLsssLNPskRA
0	2		S441-p	LsssLNPskRAPKQT
0	1		K442-u	sssLNPskRAPKQTE
0	1		T533-p	KKPSVVItWMSLDFY
0	1		S580	LIYMQVNSSFEDHIL
0	1		S581	IYMQVNSSFEDHILE
0	1		K866-u	ISRNNELkDTLILTT
0	2		K1005-u	LLPDLAAkAsPAASA
0	1		S1007-p	PDLAAkAsPAASALI
0	1		N1024	LGKQLNVNRREILIN
0	1		Y1122-p	SPELMADyLQPKLLG
0	1		S1140-p	FFNMQLLsSSVGIED
0	1		K1173-a	HVSSVRVkMMTTLRT
0	1		T1275-p	LQEYRKEtSESTDLQ
0	1		Y1312	TSLKETLYKNQEKLI
1	0		T1566-p	DDQHTINtQDIASDL
1	0		T1578-p	SDLCQLStQTVFSML
1	0		T1589-p	FSMLDHLtQWARHKF
0	1		K1613-u	HSKSNRNkVDSMVST
0	4		S1645-p	QDTLAVAsFRSKAYT
0	1		K1703-u	RKAEPSLkEQILEHE
0	2		K1824-u	TAFYDSLkLVRAEQI
0	1		S1871-p	IKPLFQHsPGDSsQE
0	1		S1876-p	QHsPGDSsQEDSLNW
2	27		T1989-p	LCFPENEtPPEGKNM
0	1		S2186-p	MTAVSKSsyPMRVNR
0	1		Y2187-p	TAVSKSsyPMRVNRC
0	1		T2219	VGDATRLTDKLLELC
0	1		S2313-p	LQKPKKIsLKGSDGK
0	1		K2587-u	TGEVVNEkAKTHVLD
0	1		K2604-u	QRLQGVIkTRNRVTG

	mouse
Y26	GSATPEEYNTVVQKP
K32	EYNTVVQKPRQILCQ
A61	ELVKKTDAQPTSVML
Y294	DADQLKLYEEPLSKL
Y313	FPFEAEAYRNIEPVY
Y320	YRNIEPVYLNVLLEK
S431-p	SGNNDEVsPKRRKLs
S438-p	sPKRRKLsSSLSSYK
S439	PKRRKLsSSLSSYKK
S440	KRRKLsSSLSSYKKP
Y444	LsSSLSSYKKPSRQP
K445	sSSLSSYKKPSRQPE
T536	KKPPVVVTWMSLDFY
S583-p	LMYMQVKssFKDHVL
S584-p	MYMQVKssFKDHVLE
K866	IARNNELKDTLILTT
K1005	LLPDLAAKASPAASA
S1007	PDLAAKASPAASALI
S1024-p	LGKQLNVsRREILIN
Y1122	SPELMADYLQPKLLG
S1140	FFNMQLLSSSVGIED
K1173	HVSSVRVKMMTTLRT
T1275	LQEYRKETSETTDLQ
Y1312-p	TSLKETLyKNQEKLI
T1566	DEQHAISTQDSASDL
T1578	SDLCQLSTQTVFSVL
T1589	FSVLDHLTQWARHKF
-	gap
S1639	QDTLAVASFRSKAYT
K1697	RKAEPSLKEQILEHE
K1818	TTFYDTLKLVRAEQI
S1865	LKPLFRKSPGDSCNE
C1870	RKSPGDSCNEDSLNW
S1983	LCFPENKSPSESKHM
S2180	MTAVSKSSYPMRVNR
Y2181	TAVSKSSYPMRVNRC
T2213-p	VGDATRLtDKLLELC
S2304	LQKPKKISLKGSDGK
K2578	TGEVVNEKAKTHVLD
K2595	QRLQGVIKTRNRVTG

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