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ACE
Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. Also able to inactivate bradykinin, a potent vasodilator. Has also a glycosidase activity which releases GPI-anchored proteins from the membrane by cleaving the mannose linkage in the GPI moiety. Genetic variations in ACE may be a cause of susceptibility to ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR); also known as cerebrovascular accident or cerebral infarction. A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. Defects in ACE are a cause of renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD). RTD is an autosomal recessive severe disorder of renal tubular development characterized by persistent fetal anuria and perinatal death, probably due to pulmonary hypoplasia from early-onset oligohydramnios (the Potter phenotype). Genetic variations in ACE are associated with susceptibility to microvascular complications of diabetes type 3 (MVCD3). These are pathological conditions that develop in numerous tissues and organs as a consequence of diabetes mellitus. They include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy leading to end-stage renal disease, and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic retinopathy remains the major cause of new- onset blindness among diabetic adults. It is characterized by vascular permeability and increased tissue ischemia and angiogenesis. Defects in ACE are a cause of susceptibility to intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). A pathological condition characterized by bleeding into one or both cerebral hemispheres including the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex. It is often associated with hypertension and craniocerebral trauma. Intracerebral bleeding is a common cause of stroke. Belongs to the peptidase M2 family. 4 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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| Protein type: EC 3.4.15.1; Protease; Membrane protein, integral; EC 3.2.1.- |
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Cellular Component: extracellular space; integral to membrane; plasma membrane; endosome; external side of plasma membrane
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Molecular Function: peptidyl-dipeptidase activity; protein binding; zinc ion binding; metallopeptidase activity; carboxypeptidase activity; endopeptidase activity; bradykinin receptor binding; drug binding; chloride ion binding; actin binding
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Biological Process: mononuclear cell proliferation; regulation of vasodilation; angiotensin mediated regulation of renal output; proteolysis; arachidonic acid secretion; regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin; regulation of smooth muscle cell migration; regulation of vasoconstriction; peptide catabolic process; regulation of blood pressure; angiotensin catabolic process in blood; hormone catabolic process; blood vessel remodeling; kidney development
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Reference #:
P12821 (UniProtKB)
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| Alt. Names/Synonyms: ACE; ACE1; angiotensin converting enzyme, somatic isoform; angiotensin I converting enzyme (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) 1; angiotensin I converting enzyme 1; Angiotensin-converting enzyme; Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form; carboxycathepsin; CD143; CD143 antigen; DCP; DCP1; dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase 1; Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase I; Kininase II; MGC26566; MVCD3; peptidase P; testicular ECA |
| Gene Symbols: ACE |
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Molecular weight: 149,715 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point: 5.95
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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