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TLR4
Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Also involved in LPS- independent inflammatory responses triggered by Ni(2+). These responses require non-conserved histidines and are, therefore, species-specific. Belongs to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor, a multi-protein complex containing at least CD14, LY96 and TLR4. Binding to bacterial LPS leads to homodimerization. Interacts with LY96 via the extracellular domain. Interacts with MYD88 and TIRAP via their respective TIR domains. Interacts with NOX4. Interacts with CNPY3. Interacts with HSP90B1. The interaction with both CNPY3 and HSP90B1 is required for proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. Highly expressed in placenta, spleen and peripheral blood leukocytes. Detected in monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and several types of T-cells. Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
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| Protein type: Membrane protein, integral; Receptor, misc. |
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Cellular Component: integral to plasma membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; cytoplasm; plasma membrane; lipopolysaccharide receptor complex; endosome membrane; external side of plasma membrane; lipid raft
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Molecular Function: protein binding; transmembrane receptor activity; lipopolysaccharide binding; phosphoinositide 3-kinase binding; lipopolysaccharide receptor activity; receptor activity
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Biological Process: I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process; activation of MAPK activity; positive regulation of apoptosis; response to toxin; positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus; response to lipopolysaccharide; toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; activation of NF-kappaB transcription factor; positive regulation of B cell proliferation; positive regulation of interferon-beta production; negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway; positive regulation of interferon-alpha production; positive regulation of DNA binding; T-helper 1 type immune response; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; production of nitric oxide during acute inflammatory response; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production; positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; positive regulation of chemokine production; toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation; negative regulation of interleukin-23 production; macrophage activation; response to ethanol; detection of lipopolysaccharide; defense response to bacterium; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter; immunoglobulin mediated immune response; response to oxidative stress; response to activity; I-kappaB phosphorylation; response to progesterone stimulus; positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process; microglial cell activation during immune response; skeletal muscle contraction; negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production; positive regulation of JNK cascade; pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent induction by symbiont of host innate immunity; defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; response to insulin stimulus; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production; positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process; negative regulation of interferon-gamma production; lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway; interferon-gamma production; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process; detection of fungus; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; Toll signaling pathway; toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway; MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; negative regulation of interleukin-17 production; positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process; positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process; toll-like receptor signaling pathway; response to hypoxia; innate immune response; immune response; regulation of sensory perception of pain; positive regulation of interleukin-1 production; positive regulation of inflammatory response
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Reference #:
O00206 (UniProtKB)
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| Alt. Names/Synonyms: ARMD10; CD284; homolog of Drosophila toll; hToll; TLR4; TOLL; Toll-like receptor 4 |
| Gene Symbols: TLR4 |
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Molecular weight: 95,680 Da
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Basal Isoelectric point: 5.88
Predict pI for various phosphorylation states
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CST Pathways:
NF-kB Signaling
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Toll-like Receptors Pathway
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