M-CSF
Cytokine that plays an essential role in the regulation of survival, proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells, especially mononuclear phagocytes, such as macrophages and monocytes. Promotes the release of proinflammatory chemokines, and thereby plays an important role in innate immunity and in inflammatory processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of osteoclast proliferation and differentiation, the regulation of bone resorption, and is required for normal bone development. Required for normal male and female fertility. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, regulates formation of membrane ruffles, cell adhesion and cell migration. Plays a role in lipoprotein clearance. Aberrant expression of CSF1 or CSF1R can promote cancer cell proliferation, invasion and formation of metastases. Overexpression of CSF1 or CSF1R is observed in a significant percentage of breast, ovarian, prostate, and endometrial cancers. Aberrant expression of CSF1 or CSF1R may play a role in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, atherosclerosis, and allograft rejection. 3 isoforms of the human protein are produced by alternative splicing. Note: This description may include information from UniProtKB.
Protein type: Cytokine; Membrane protein, integral
Cellular Component: extracellular space; membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; integral to membrane; plasma membrane; receptor complex
Biological Process: positive regulation of monocyte differentiation; macrophage differentiation; positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation; positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process; positive regulation of multicellular organism growth; osteoclast differentiation; odontogenesis; monocyte activation; positive regulation of cell proliferation; hemopoiesis; cell differentiation; positive regulation of macrophage differentiation; inflammatory response; positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion; ossification; positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentine-containing teeth; reproductive developmental process; cell proliferation; positive regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation; homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue; positive regulation of protein kinase activity; innate immune response; positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction; regulation of ossification; positive regulation of cell migration
SS: The number of records in which this modification site was determined using site-specific methods. SS methods include amino acid sequencing, site-directed mutagenesis, modification site-specific antibodies, specific MS strategies, etc.
