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Orthologous residues
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IRS1 (human): S323‑p, IRS1 (mouse): S318‑p, IRS1 (rat): S318‑p
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Characterization
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Methods used to characterize site in vivo:
mutation of modification site, phospho-antibody, western blotting
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Relevant cell lines - cell types - tissues:
'muscle, skeletal', C2C12 (myoblast), L6 (myoblast), liver, myoblast
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Cellular systems studied:
cell lines, primary cells, tissue
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Species studied:
human, mouse, rat
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Upstream Regulation
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Potential in vivo enzymes for site:
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Type
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Enzyme
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Evidence
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Notes
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KINASE
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PKCD (mouse)
|
transfection of wild-type enzyme, co-immunoprecipitation, siRNA inhibition of enzyme, phospho-antibody, transfection of inactive enzyme
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|
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Treatments, proteins and their effect on site modification:
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Treatments
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Referenced Treatments
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Manipulated Protein
|
Referenced Protein
|
Effect
|
Notes
|
|
IL-6
|
|
|
|
increase
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Muscle, C2C12, L6, 1' human myotubes
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|
IL-6
|
|
|
|
no change compared to control
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Liver
|
|
|
|
PKCD (human)
|
|
increase
|
C2C12 cells
|
|
siRNA
|
|
|
|
decrease
|
PKC delta siRNA
|
|
|
Downstream Regulation
|
|
Effect of modification (function):
phosphorylation
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|
Comments:
Phosphorylation of S318 leads to an increase of phospho-Ser473 Akt1 in L6GLUT4 myotubes.
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